Increased small extracellular vesicle levels and decreased miR‐126 levels associated with atrial fibrillation and coexisting diabetes mellitus

• DOI: 10.1002/clc.24115
• Publication Date: 2023-07-28T11:00:40Z
• Authors: Panjaree Siwaponanan; Pontawee Kaewkumdee; Payalak Sudcharee; Suthipol Udompunt...; Nusara Chomanee; Kamol Udol; Kovit Pattanapany...; Rungroj Krittayap...
• Keywords: Clinical Investigations; Cardiology; Logistic regression; Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Cardiovascular Health; Exosome Biology and Function in Intercellular Communication; Pathophysiology; Biochemistry; 03 medical and health sciences; Extracellular Vesicles; 0302 clinical medicine; Diabetes mellitus; Endocrinology; Risk Factors; Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Health Sciences; Atrial Fibrillation; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Molecular Biology; Internal medicine; Area under the curve; Incidence (geometry); Physics; Gastroenterology; Life Sciences; Optics; Biomarker; Atrial fibrillation; Stroke; MicroRNAs; Chemistry; Medicine; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the risk factors for the development of stroke and thromboembolism in patients with AF. Early identification may reduce the incidence of complications and mortality in AF patients.HypothesisAF patients with DM have different pattern of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) levels and sEV‐derived microRNA (miRNA) expression compared with those without DM.MethodsWe compared sEV levels and sEV‐miRNA expression in plasma from AF patients with and without DM using nanoparticle tracking analysis and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, respectively.ResultsWe observed a significant increase in total sEV levels (p = .004) and a significant decrease in sEV‐miR‐126 level (p = .004) in AF patients with DM. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between total sEV levels and AF with DM (p = .019), and a negative association between sEV‐miR‐126 level and AF with DM (p = .031). The combination of clinical data, total sEVs, and sEV‐miR‐126 level had an area under the curve of 0.968 (p < .0001) for discriminating AF with DM, which was shown to be significantly better than clinical data analysis alone (p = .0368).ConclusionsThese results suggest that an increased level of total sEV and a decreased sEV‐miR‐126 level may play a potential role in the pathophysiology and complications of AF with DM, especially endothelial dysfunction, and can be considered as an applied biomarker for distinguishing between AF with and without DM.