Exposure to Trimethyltin Chloride Induces Pyroptosis and Immune Dysfunction in Grass Carp CIK Cells by Activating the NF‐κB Pathway Through Oxidative Stress

• DOI: 10.1002/tox.24371
• Publication Date: 2024-07-15T05:30:21Z
• Authors: Xiaotong Ni; Haozheng Hong; Haotian Xu; Meng Qi; Shiwen Xu
• Keywords: Pyroptosis

ABSTRACT Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is a highly toxic organotin pollutant frequently found in aquatic environments, posing significant threat to the ecological system. The kidney plays vital role body's detoxification processes, and TMT present environment tends accumulate kidneys. However, it remained unclear whether exposure different doses of could induce pyroptosis immune dysfunction grass carp cells (CIK cells). For this purpose, after assessing half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) on CIK cells, we established model for at varying concentrations TMT. were treated with various (2.5, 5, 10 μM) 24 h. Oxidative stress levels measured using kits fluorescence methods, whereas expression related genes was verified through western blot quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). results indicated that led oxidative stress, increased ROS, H 2 O , MDA, GSH, inhibited activities T‐AOC, SOD, CAT. It activated NF‐κB pathway, leading upregulation p65, p50, GSDMD, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase‐1. Furthermore, also resulted cytokines (IL‐18, IL‐6, IL‐2, IL‐1β, TNF‐α) decreased antimicrobial peptides (LEAP2, HEPC, β‐defensin). In summary, induces dose‐dependent activates cells.