Identification of inflammatory protein biomarkers for predicting the different subtype of adult with tuberculosis: an Olink proteomic study

• DOI: 10.1007/s00011-025-02020-9
• Publication Date: 2025-04-03T12:26:43Z
• Authors: Yunlin Song; Buzukela Abuduaini; Xinting Yang; Jiyuan Zhang; Guirong Wang; Xiaobo Lu
• Keywords: CXCL9; CXCL11

Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify the potential inflammatory molecular biomarkers that could be utilized for early prediction of different subtypes tuberculosis (TB) in adults. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from a cohort adults diagnosed with 48 cases active TB, including drug-susceptible TB (S-TB, n = 28), multidrug-resistant (R-TB, 20), latent infection (LTBI, as well control group healthy individuals without any (HC, 20). The expression level 92 inflammatory-related proteins was detecte d by using high-throughput Olink proteomics platform. Results There 47 showing significant difference (p < 0.05) among LTBI, and HC groups, 7 them differed significantly between LTBI 43 considerably overall, CXCL10 TGF-alpha substantially three groups which used diagnostic biomarkers. Furthermore, SCF demonstrates remarkable discriminatory power distinguishing an area under curve (AUC) score 0.920. SLAMF1 has emerged top predictor Sputum Culture-Negative positive cases, AUC 0.779. Correlation analyses showed various relationships co-differentiated proteins. In versus HC, had strong correlation. non-severe severe CXCL9, TNF CCL3, strongly positively correlated, while IL-6 negative These found enriched biological processes functions related immune regulation signaling pathways, such p53 pathway, NF-kappa B highlighting complex interplay these response infection. Conclusion Inflammation-related exhibited distinct profiles conditions TB. are intercorrelated involve pathogenesis activating diverse cells promoting secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines. Their influence cellular phenotypes, play crucial regulatory role interaction host Mycobacterium . findings suggest disease prevention treatment targets.