Multi-constellation GNSS interferometric reflectometry for tidal analysis: mitigations for K1 and K2 biases due to GPS geometrical errors

• DOI: 10.1007/s00190-023-01812-3
• Publication Date: 2024-01-02T15:04:31Z
• Authors: Dongju Peng; Yunung Nina Lin; Jui-Chi Lee; Hsuan-Han Su; Emma M. Hill
• Keywords: Tide gauge; GLONASS; Galileo (satellite navigation)

Abstract It has been observed that when using sea levels derived from GPS (Global Positioning System) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data to perform tidal analysis, the luni-solar semidiurnal (K2) and diurnal (K1) constituents are biased due geometrical errors in reflection data, which result their periods coinciding with orbital period revisit period. In this work, we use 18 months of GNSS SNR multiple frequencies constellations at three sites further investigate biases how mitigate them. We first estimate GPS, GLONASS, Galileo signals, both individually by combination. Secondly, conduct harmonic analysis these sea-level estimates. By comparing eight major estimated those co-located tide-gauge records, find K1 K2 amplitudes S1C, S2X S5X can reach 5 cm, they be mitigated supplementing GLONASS- Galileo-based With a proper combination estimates Galileo, SNR-based agreement millimeter level tide gauges.