The protective role of l-carnitine on oxidative stress, neurotransmitter perturbations, astrogliosis, and apoptosis induced by thiamethoxam in the brains of male rats

• DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02887-7
• Publication Date: 2023-12-15T09:02:22Z
• Authors: Heba-Tallah Abd E...; Marium Marzoq Hus...; Nema A . Mohammed; Heba M . Abdou
• Keywords: Astrogliosis; Proinflammatory cytokine; Neurotoxicity

Synthetic organic insecticides such as pyrethroids, organophosphates, neonicotinoids, and others have the potential to disrupt ecosystems are often toxic humans. Thiamethoxam (TMX), a neonicotinoid insecticide , is widely used with neurotoxic potential. L-Carnitine (LC) regarded "gatekeeper" in charge of allowing long-chain fatty acids into cell mitochondria. LC an endogenous chemical that renowned for its prospective biological activity addition role energy metabolism. This study investigated protective effects against TMX-induced neurotoxicity male Wistar rats. For 28 days, animals were divided four groups treated daily either (300 mg/kg), TMX (100 or both at aforementioned doses. Our results revealed marked serum lipid profile electrolyte changes, declines brain antioxidants neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin levels) elevations thiobarbituric acid reactive substances proinflammatory cytokine levels, well acetylcholinesterase monoamine oxidase TMX-treated also increased expression caspase-3 glial fibrillary acidic protein. In contrast, pretreatment attenuated injury by suppressing oxidative stress cytokines modulating neurotransmitter levels. It ameliorated apoptotic astrogliosis markers. could be concluded has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-astrogliosis, anti-apoptotic neurotoxicity.