Differentiating intraparenchymal hemorrhage from contrast extravasation on post-procedural noncontrast CT scan in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment
Aged, 80 and over
Endovascular Procedures
Contrast Media
Neuroimaging
Middle Aged
Brain Ischemia
3. Good health
Diagnosis, Differential
Stroke
03 medical and health sciences
Postoperative Complications
0302 clinical medicine
Humans
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Aged
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials
Retrospective Studies
DOI:
10.1007/s00234-014-1381-8
Publication Date:
2014-06-12T04:21:25Z
AUTHORS (7)
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify the imaging characteristics that can help differentiate intraparenchymal hemorrhage from benign contrast extravasation on post-procedural noncontrast CT scan in acute ischemic stroke patients after endovascular treatment.We reviewed the clinical and imaging records of all acute ischemic stroke patients who underwent endovascular treatment in two hospitals over a 3.5-year period. The immediate post-procedural CT scan was evaluated for the presence of hyperdense lesion(s). The average attenuation of the lesion(s) was measured. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage was defined as a persistent hyperdensity visualized on follow-up CT scan, 24 h or greater after the procedure.Of the 135 patients studied, 74 (55%) patients had hyperdense lesion(s) on immediate post-procedural CT scan. Follow-up scans confirmed the diagnosis of intraparenchymal hemorrhage in 20 of these 74 patients. A receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the average attenuation of the most hyperdense lesion can differentiate intraparenchymal hemorrhage from contrast extravasation with an area under the curve of 0.78 (p = 0.001). An average attenuation of <50 Hounsfield units (HU) in the most visually hyperattenuating hyperdense lesion had 100 % specificity and 56% sensitivity for identification of contrast extravasations. Petechial hyperdensity was seen in 46/54 (85%) patients with contrast extravasation versus 9/20 (45%) patients with intraparenchymal hemorrhage on the immediate post-procedural CT scan (p < 0.001).An average attenuation <50 HU of the most hyperattenuating hyperdense parenchymal lesion on immediate post-procedural CT scan was very specific for differentiating contrast extravasation from intraparenchymal hemorrhage in acute ischemic stroke patients after endovascular treatment.
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