Role of Stratospheric Processes in Climate Change: Advances and Challenges

• DOI: 10.1007/s00376-023-2341-1
• Publication Date: 2023-04-05T17:02:06Z
• Authors: Wenshou Tian; Jinlong Huang; Jiankai Zhang; Fei Xie; Wuke Wang; Yifeng Peng
• Keywords: Forcing (mathematics); Predictability; Tropospheric ozone

Abstract In this review, instead of summarizing all the advances and progress achieved in stratospheric research, main new developments stratosphere-troposphere coupling chemistry-climate interactions are summarized, some outstanding issues grand challenges discussed. A consensus has been reached that state is an important source improving predictability troposphere on sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) time scales beyond. However, applying signals operational S2S forecast models remains a challenge because model deficiencies complexities underlying mechanisms coupling. Stratospheric chemistry, which controls magnitude distribution many climate-forcing agents, plays critical role global climate change. Convincing evidence found ozone depletion recovery have caused significant tropospheric changes, more recent studies revealed variations can even exert impact SSTs sea ice. The climatic impacts aerosols water vapor also important. Although their quantitative contributions radiative forcing reasonably well quantified, there still exist large uncertainties long-term climate. levels understanding presented review suggest whole-atmosphere need be considered future for better thorough its