Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): A nationwide collaborative study in the Greek population

• DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05383-5
• Publication Date: 2024-01-12T09:02:33Z
• Authors: Stavroula Lampidi; Despoina Maritsi; Marietta Charakida; Irini Eleftheriou; Evangelia Farmaki; Nikos Spyridis; Konstantina Charisi; Petrina Vantsi; Filippos Filippatos; Kleopatra Skourti; Efimia Papadopoul...; Kyriaki Papadopou...; Parthena Kampouridou; Ioanna N. Grivea; Eleni Vergadi; Despoina Gkentzi; Despina Dimou; Patra Koletsi; Lampros Fotis; Theodota Liakopoulou; Aikaterini Agrafi...; Katerina Kourtesi; Georgios Tsolas; Dimitrios Kafetzis; Vassiliki Papaeva...; Gabriel Dimitriou; Emmanouil Galanakis; George A. Syrogia...; Vassiliki Spoulou; Athanasios Michos; Emmanuel Roilides; Maria N. Tsolia
• Keywords: Mucocutaneous zone

Abstract Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare but severe hyperinflammatory condition that may occur following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This retrospective, descriptive study of hospitalized with multisystem 12 tertiary care centers from 3/11/2020 to 12/31/2021. Demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment outcomes are described. Among 145 patients (95 males, median age 8.2 years) included, 123 met the WHO criteria for MIS-C, while 112 (77%) had serological evidence Fever was present 99%, gastrointestinal symptoms 77%, mucocutaneous involvement 68% respiratory 28%. Fifty-five (38%) developed myocarditis, 29 (20%) pericarditis 19 (13%) coronary aneurysms. above cases 11/55 (20%), 1/29 (3.4%) 5/19 (26.3%), respectively, cardiac complications not fully resolved at discharge. Underlying comorbidities were reported 18%. Median CRP value 155 mg/l, ferritin 535 ng/ml, PCT 1.6 ng/ml WBC 14.2 × 10 9 /mm 3 . Most elevated troponin (41.3%) and/or NT-pro-BNP (49.6%). Intravenous immunoglobulin plus corticosteroids used 117/145 (80.6%), monotherapy IVIG alone 13/145 (8.9%) 2/145 (1.3%). Anti-IL1 added 15 (10.3%). Thirty-three (23%) admitted PICU, 14% shock 1 required ECMO. Mortality rate 0.68%. The incidence MIS-C estimated 0.69/1000 infections. Patients who presented higher levels compared those did ( p < 0.001). Acute kidney injury myocarditis associated risk developing shock. Conclusion : novel, infrequent serious disease entity. Cardiac manifestations included pericarditis, which most before Timely initiation immunomodulatory therapy shown be effective. provide better prediction monitoring course. Further research elucidate pathogenesis, factors optimal management, long-term this What Known: • an multi-organ dysfunction, primarily involving cardiovascular systems. New: