Homoharringtonine may help improve the outcomes of venetoclax and azacitidine in AML1-ETO positive acute myeloid leukemia

• DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05861-9
• Publication Date: 2024-07-06T02:01:37Z
• Authors: Zhao Yin; Zurong Yao; Dandan Chen; Yu Zhang; Guangyang Weng; Xin Du; Dongjun Lin; Jie Xiao; Zhiqiang Sun; Hongyu Zhang; Xinquan Liang; Ziwen Guo; Weihua Zhao; Li Xuan; Xuejie Jiang; Pengcheng Shi; Qifa Liu; Baohong Ping; Guopan Yu
• Keywords: Azacitidine; Venetoclax; Homoharringtonine; Ven; Decitabine; Refractory (planetary science)

Abstract Purpose T(8;21)(q22;q22.1)/AML1-ETO positive acute myeloid leukemia (AE-AML) is sensitive to conventional chemotherapy with a favorable prognosis. However, recent small case reports suggest the limited effectiveness of venetoclax (VEN) and hypomethylating agents (HMA) in treating AE-AML. The aim this retrospective study was evaluate VEN plus AZA (VA) AE-AML explore whether adding homoharringtonine (HHT) VA (VAH) could improve response. Methods Patients who received HHT or regimens were included study. endpoints rate composite complete remission (CRc), measurable residual disease (MRD), event-free survival (EFS), overall (OS), relapse between VAH groups. Results A total 32 patients underwent treatments (newly diagnosed VA, ND-VA, n = 8; relapsed/refractory R/R-VA, 10; VAH, R/R-VAH, 14) included. CR (complete remission) /CRi (CR incomplete count recovery) R/R-VA R/R-VAH 25%, 10%, 64.3%, respectively. Measurable (MRD) negative observed 66.7% none VA-R/R patients. Co-occurring methylation mutations are associated poor outcomes but exhibit more response treatment. Additionally, c-kit mutation presented inferior both VEN-based regimens. All tolerated well by all Conclusion Our data confirmed AE-AML, used as frontline salvage therapy. Adding may enhance efficacy population.