Signature of recent historical events in the European Y-chromosomal STR haplotype distribution

• DOI: 10.1007/s00439-004-1201-z
• Publication Date: 2005-01-19T08:58:25Z
• Authors: Lutz Roewer; Peter J. P. Croucher; Sascha Willuweit; Tim T. Lu; Manfred Kayser; R�diger Lessig; Peter de Knijff; Mark A. Jobling; Chris Tyler-Smith; Michael Krawczak
• Keywords: Haplogroup; Demographic history; Population Genetics

Previous studies of human Y-chromosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) established a link between the extant Y-SNP haplogroup distribution and the prehistoric demography of Europe. By contrast, our analysis of seven rapidly evolving Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci (Y-STRs) in over 12,700 samples from 91 different locations in Europe reveals a signature of more recent historic events, not previously detected by other genetic markers. Cluster analysis based upon molecular variance yields two clearly identifiable sub-clusters of Western and Eastern European Y-STR haplotypes, and a diverse transition zone in central Europe, where haplotype spectra change more rapidly with longitude than with latitude. This and other observed patterns of Y-STR similarity may plausibly be related to particular historical incidents, including, for example, the expansion of the Franconian and Ottoman Empires. We conclude that Y-STRs may be capable of resolving male genealogies to an unparalleled degree and could therefore provide a useful means to study local population structure and recent demographic history.