Comparison of methods to calculate groundwater recharge for karst aquifers under a Mediterranean climate

• DOI: 10.1007/s10040-024-02809-8
• Publication Date: 2024-07-31T09:03:16Z
• Authors: P Hepach; L Bresinsky; M Sauter; Y Livshitz; I Engelhardt
• Keywords: MODFLOW

Abstract Karst aquifers can be particularly vulnerable to human activities and climate change due their relatively high degree of connection with the surface. This study utilized an ensemble event-based recharge calculation methods address problem structural uncertainty for example Western Mountain Aquifer (WMA), a Mediterranean karst aquifer located in Israel West Bank. Spatially distributed estimates derived from Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) process-based infiltration model (PIM) were compared site-specific, empirical regression models. The SWAT PIM mean annual ranged 32–34.6% precipitation, almost equating results models (32–36%). Future predictions under influence quantified by parameterizing downscaled regional Israel. predicts 23% decrease 2051–2070 relative 1981–2001. In contrast, shows 9% decrease, possibly representation through preferential flow pathways exclusion surface runoff processes. These divergent projections underline key methodological differences hydrological Nevertheless, both effectively provided good groundwater recharge. rates estimated various integrated into MODFLOW assess impacts on storage dynamics. projected outputs provide guidance sustainable management region.