Multiple lines of evidence for reproductive winter diapause in the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii: useful clues for control strategies
0106 biological sciences
570
Insecta
Cyp4d20 cytochrome
Arthropoda
Diptera
Integrated pest management
Cyp4d20 cytochrome; Diapause; Integrated pest management; Overwintering; Spotted wing drosophila; Agronomy and Crop Science
Spotted wing drosophila
Biodiversity
15. Life on land
Overwintering
01 natural sciences
630
Diapause
Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA
fruit flies
flies
Animalia
Agronomy and Crop Science
Taxonomy
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-016-0753-8
Publication Date:
2016-03-24T08:57:49Z
AUTHORS (8)
ABSTRACT
Successful management of invasive pests, such as Drosophila suzukii, relies on a fine understanding of their biology. Genomic and physiological studies have suggested that the invasive success of D. suzukii is strongly associated with its ability to overwinter in a reproductive diapause state. Here, we coupled field surveys with comparative morphology and genetics to increase our understanding of D. suzukii overwintering behavior and provide useful indications for its management. The results of a 4-year-long field trapping in an Italian mountain region indicate that D. suzukii is continuously captured during winter months and that the number of captures is correlated with temperature. Capture patterns are also contrasting between sexes: while females are more abundantly caught during winter and summer, males are more abundant in spring and autumn. We found that overwintering could occur not only in natural environments, such as woods, but also in anthropic shelters. Comparative morphology and genetics further indicate that spermathecae may play an important adaptive role during winter. Our results unveil complex winter biology in D. suzukii and highlight how the number of overwintering females is an earlier predictor of summer population size. We hence propose that in a given year infestation may be better forecasted by taking into account the captures of the previous winter. We recommend that control methods be diapause-aware. For instance, they should take place in late winter/early spring and close to natural environments, and not only in fruit ripening season and close to orchards.
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