Influence of CsNO3 as electrolyte additive on electrochemical property of lithium anode in rechargeable battery

• DOI: 10.1007/s11771-018-3776-x
• Publication Date: 2018-04-28T09:37:22Z
• Authors: Hua Lin; Kang-hua Chen; Yi Shuai; Xuan He; Ke Ge
• Keywords: 01 natural sciences; 7. Clean energy; 0104 chemical sciences; 3. Good health

Lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials for rechargeable battery with high energy density, but its practical use is still hindered by two main problems, namely, lithium dendrite growth and low Coulombic efficiency. To address the issues, cesium nitrate (CsNO3) is selected as the additive to modify the electrolyte for lithium secondary battery. Here we report electrochemical performance of lithium secondary battery with different concentration of CsNO3 as electrolyte additive. The study result demonstrates that Coulombic efficiency of Li—Cu cells and the lifetime of symmetric lithium cells contained CsNO3 additive are improved greatly. Li—Cu cell with 0.05 mol/L CsNO3 and 0.15 mol/L LiNO3 as electrolyte additive presents the best electrochemical performance, having the highest Coulombic efficiency of around 97% and the lowest interfacial resistance. With increasing the concentration of CsNO3 as electrolyte additive, the electrochemical performance of cells becomes poor. Meanwhile, the morphology of lithium deposited films with CsNO3-modified electrolyte become smoother and more uniform compared with the basic electrolyte.