Long-Lasting Impact of Sugar Intake on Neurotrophins and Neurotransmitters from Adolescence to Young Adulthood in Rat Frontal Cortex

• DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03115-8
• Publication Date: 2022-11-17T10:04:06Z
• Authors: Maria Stefania Sp...; Arianna Mazzoli; Martina Nazzaro; Antonio Dario Troise; Cristina Gatto; Claudia Tonini; Mayra Colardo; Marco Segatto; Andrea Scaloni; Valentina Pallottini; Susanna Iossa; Luisa Cigliano
• Keywords: Inflammation; 2. Zero hunger; 0303 health sciences; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Brain; Neurotransmitters; Fructose; Adolescent rat; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Frontal cortex; Fructose diet; Inflammation; Mitochondria; Neurotransmitters; Frontal cortex; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Article; Mitochondria; Rats; Frontal Lobe; 3. Good health; Adolescent rat · Frontal cortex · Fructose diet · Brain-derived neurotrophic factor · Neurotransmitters · Mitochondria · Inflammation; 03 medical and health sciences; Fructose diet; Acetylcholinesterase; Adolescent rat; Animals

The detrimental impact of fructose, a widely used sweetener in industrial foods, was previously evidenced on various brain regions. Although adolescents are among the highest consumers sweet whether alterations induced by sugar intake during this age persist until young adulthood or rescued returning to healthy diet remains largely unexplored. To shed light issue, just weaned rats were fed with fructose-rich control for 3 weeks. At end treatment, fructose-fed underwent further weeks phase and compared animals that received from beginning diet. We focused consequences main neurotrophins neurotransmitters frontal cortex, as its maturation continues late adolescence, thus being last region achieve full maturity. observed fructose induces inflammation oxidative stress, alteration mitochondrial function, changes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) neurotrophin receptors, synaptic proteins, acetylcholine, dopamine, glutamate levels, well increased formation glycation end-products Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL). Importantly, many these (BDNF, CML, CEL, acetylcholinesterase activity, dysregulation levels) persisted after switching diet, pointing out adolescence critical phase, which extreme attention should be devoted limit an excessive consumption foods can affect physiology also long term.