Urinary Concentrations of BPA and Analogous Bisphenols (BPF and BPS) among School Children from Poland: Exposure and Risk Assessment in the REPRO_PL Cohort

• DOI: 10.1007/s12403-024-00654-4
• Publication Date: 2024-07-27T13:01:47Z
• Authors: Mercè Garí; Daniel Bury; Rebecca K. Moos; Monika Wolniewicz; Agnieszka Jankowska; Agnieszka Brzozowska; Joanna Jerzynska; Stephan Bose-O’Re...; Holger M. Koch; Kinga Polanska
• Keywords: Bisphenol S; Tolerable daily intake

Abstract Bisphenols are a group of chemical compounds widely used in the industry, e.g., production plastics, and as precursor epoxy resins. The three bisphenols investigated this study, namely A (BPA), F (BPF) S (BPS), seem to have endocrine activity same order magnitude. Thus, an exposure risk assessment was performed based on urinary concentrations these 150 urine samples 7-year-old children from Polish Mother Child Cohort Study (REPRO_PL). Samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography with online sample clean-up coupled tandem mass spectrometry (online-SPE-LC-MS/MS). BPA, BPF, BPS above LOQ (0.25 µg/L) 100%, 95%, 20% samples, respectively, median 2.5 µg/L, 1.0 µg/L < 0.25 (below LOQ), respectively. Median Daily Intakes (DIs) calculated: 45.9 ng/kg bw/day for at maximum 33.1 BPF (depending excretion fractions calculation) below 4.4 (calculated LOQ/2). Hazard quotients (HQ) 95th percentile 0.011 0.63 did not indicate health risks. However, TDI 0.2 newly established by EFSA, HQ BPA 1 100% thus indicating exceedance safe levels. No statistically significant associations found between bisphenol socio-demographic life-style characteristics, although environmental tobacco smoke 7 years age, maternal educational level socio-economic status showed positive trend. Further studies required recognize other replacement exposures among children.