Quantifying Levallois: a 3D geometric morphometric approach to Nubian technology

• DOI: 10.1007/s12520-025-02199-2
• Publication Date: 2025-03-24T11:49:33Z
• Authors: Emily Hallinan; João Cascalheira
• Keywords: Lithic technology; Morphometrics; Stone tool

Abstract Levallois technology, a hallmark of Middle Palaeolithic stone tool manufacture, involves sophisticated core reduction strategies that have major implications for understanding human cognitive and technological evolution. However, traditional methods analysing cores often fail to capture the nuanced variability in their morphology. This study introduces novel application three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (GM) quantify shape Nubian from Nile Valley Dhofar regions. By employing this technique, we analysed surfaces preferential scar shapes, identifying distinct regional patterns. Our results reveal significant inter-regional differences elongation surface convexity, highlighting importance shape-oriented, rather than metric-based, analysis prepared cores. new GM approach offers robust replicable investigating lithic holds potential broader applications research, enhancing our adaptations.