Post-transplant cyclophosphamide plus anti-thymocyte globulin decreased serum IL-6 levels when compared with post-transplant cyclophosphamide alone after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

• DOI: 10.1007/s44313-024-00049-z
• Publication Date: 2025-01-15T07:25:57Z
• Authors: Jeong Suk Koh; Myung-Won Lee; Thi Thuy Duong Pham; Bu Yeon Heo; Suyoung Choi; Sang-Woo Lee; Wonhyoung Seo; Sora Kang; Seul Bi Lee; Chul Hee Kim; Hyewon Ryu; Hyuk Soo Eun; Hyo-Jin Lee; Hwan-Jung Yun; Deog-Yeon Jo; Ik-Chan Song
• Keywords: Anti-thymocyte globulin; Hematopoietic stem cell

Abstract Background Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) are common prophylactic strategies for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). Interleukin (IL)-6 is a surrogate marker cytokine release syndrome (CRS) acute GVHD. Method The clinical outcomes complications of haplo-HSCT with PTCy plus ATG versus monotherapy were compared according to serum IL-6 levels at Chungnam National University Hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) from January 2019 February 2023. Results Forty patients who underwent analyzed. A significant difference in was observed between the alone groups (7.47 ± 10.55 vs. 117.65 127.67; p = 0.003). More group had CRS grade 0 than ( < 0.001). Serum associated grades II–IV GVHD (r 0.547, cumulative incidence (CI) significantly higher (67.9% 4.8%; No CI chronic detected (72.1% 82.0%; 0.730). 1-year non-relapse mortality (42.2% 15.9%; 0.022). overall survival (OS) better (75.9% 35.3%; 0.011). GVHD-free, relapse-free rate 29.4% 54.0% 0.038). Conclusion group. addition before infusion affected reduced incidences patients. This study suggests that as prophylaxis beneficial terms HSCT.