Rationale and study design of the GOREISAN for heart failure (GOREISAN-HF) trial: A randomized clinical trial

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.02.013
• Publication Date: 2023-02-24T16:41:48Z
• Authors: Hidenori Yaku; Takao Kato; Takeshi Morimoto; Kazuhisa Kaneda; Ryusuke Nishikawa; Takeshi Kitai; Yasutaka Inuzuka; Yodo Tamaki; Taketoshi Yamazaki; Jun Kitamura; Hirotaka Ezaki; Kazuya Nagao; Hiromi Yamamoto; Akihiro Isotani; Arita Takeshi; Chisato Izumi; Yukihito Sato; Yoshihisa Nakagawa; Satoaki Matoba; Yasushi Sakata; Koichiro Kuwahara; Takeshi Kimura
• Keywords: Heart Failure; 03 medical and health sciences; Treatment Outcome; 0302 clinical medicine; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Humans; Diuretics; 3. Good health

The decongestion strategy using loop diuretics is essential for improving signs and symptoms of heart failure (HF). However, chronic use of loop diuretics in HF has been linked to worsening renal function and adverse clinical outcomes in a dose-dependent manner. Goreisan, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has a long history of use in Japan for regulating body fluid homeostasis and has been recognized as causing less adverse outcomes such as dehydration in contrast to loop diuretics in clinical practice. Therefore, we designed the GOREISAN-HF trial to evaluate the long-term effects of a new decongestion strategy adding Goreisan to usual care in patients with HF and volume overload.The GOREISAN-HF trial is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, pragmatic, randomized, comparative effectiveness trial in which we will enroll 2,192 patients hospitalized for HF at 68 hospitals in Japan. All study participants will be randomly assigned to either a decongestion strategy that adds Goreisan at a dose of 7.5 g daily on top of usual care or usual care alone. Investigators have the flexibility to change the existing diuretic regimen in both groups. The primary end point is the improvement rate of cardiac edema at 12-month follow-up, and the co-primary end point is a composite of all-cause death or hospitalization up to the end of the planned follow-up period. Secondary end points include longitudinal changes in patient-reported outcomes, loop diuretics dose, and renal function.The GOREISAN-HF is the first large-scale randomized pragmatic trial to assess the efficacy and safety of a new congestion control strategy adding Goreisan to usual care in patients with HF and volume overload.NCT04691700.