International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report of health care associated infections, data summary of 45 countries for 2015 to 2020, adult and pediatric units, device-associated module

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.12.019
• Publication Date: 2024-01-06T03:04:00Z
• Authors: Victor D. Rosenthal; Ruijie Yin; Patricio Nercelles; Sara E. Rivera-Mo...; Somani Jyoti; Reshma Dongol; Daisy Aguilar-De-...; Nellie Tumu; Johana Alarcon-Rua; Juan P. Stagnaro; Safaa Alkhawaja; Luisa F. Jimenez-...; Yuliana A. Cano-M...; Sandra L. Valderr...; Claudia M. Henao-...; Maria A. Zuniga-C...; Amani El-Kholy; Hala Mounir Agha; Suneeta Sahu; Siksha O. Anusandhan; Mahuya Bhattacharyya; Mohit Kharbanda; Aruna Poojary; Pravin K. Nair; Sheila N. Myatra; Rajesh Chawla; Kavita Sandhu; Yatin Mehta; Prasad Rajhans; Farid Zand; Mohammad Abdellat...; Chian-Wern Tai; Chin S. Gan; Mohd-Basri Mat Nor; Guadalupe Aguirre...; Blanca E. Hernand...; Alejandro Sassoe-...; Isabel Villegas-Mota; Mary C. Aleman- B...; Ider Bat-Erdene; Nilton Y. Carreazo; Alex Castaneda-Sa...; Jarosław Janc; Vladislav Belskiy; Sona Hlinkova; Dincer Yildizdas; Merve Havan; Alper Koker; Hulya Sungurtekin; Ener C. Dinleyici; Ertugrul Guclu; Lili Tao; Ziad A. Memish; Zhilin Jin
• Keywords: Urinary tract infection; Low income countries; Antibiotic resistance; Catheter-associated urinary tract infection; 610; Network; Bloodstream infection; Device-associated infection; 576; Developing countries; 03 medical and health sciences; Limited resources countries; Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Hospital infection; Central line-associated bloodstream infections; 0305 other medical science

Reporting on the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium study results from 2015 to 2020, conducted in 630 intensive care units across 123 cities in 45 countries spanning Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.Prospective intensive care unit patient data collected via International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium Surveillance Online System. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Health Care Safety Network definitions applied for device-associated health care-associated infections (DA-HAI).We gathered data from 204,770 patients, 1,480,620 patient days, 936,976 central line (CL)-days, 637,850 mechanical ventilators (MV)-days, and 1,005,589 urinary catheter (UC)-days. Our results showed 4,270 CL-associated bloodstream infections, 7,635 ventilator-associated pneumonia, and 3,005 UC-associated urinary tract infections. The combined rates of DA-HAIs were 7.28%, and 10.07 DA-HAIs per 1,000 patient days. CL-associated bloodstream infections occurred at 4.55 per 1,000 CL-days, ventilator-associated pneumonias at 11.96 per 1,000 MV-days, and UC-associated urinary tract infections at 2.91 per 1,000 UC days. In terms of resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed 50.73% resistance to imipenem, 44.99% to ceftazidime, 37.95% to ciprofloxacin, and 34.05% to amikacin. Meanwhile, Klebsiella spp had resistance rates of 48.29% to imipenem, 72.03% to ceftazidime, 61.78% to ciprofloxacin, and 40.32% to amikacin. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus displayed oxacillin resistance in 81.33% and 53.83% of cases, respectively.The high rates of DA-HAI and bacterial resistance emphasize the ongoing need for continued efforts to control them.