Social isolation triggers oxidative status and impairs systemic and hepatic insulin sensitivity in normoglycemic rats

• DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112820
• Publication Date: 2022-03-12T11:13:50Z
• Authors: Maria Bove; Adriano Lama; Stefania Schiavone; Claudio Pirozzi; Paolo Tucci; Vladyslav Sikora; Giovanna Trinchese; Gaetano Corso; Maria Grazia Morgese; Luigia Trabace
• Keywords: Social isolation; 0303 health sciences; Insulin; Social isolation; Oxidative stress; Liver; Hypothalamus; Hypothalamus; 610; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Rats; Oxidative Stress; 03 medical and health sciences; Glucose; Liver; Social Isolation; Oxidative stress; 616; Hypothalamu; Oxidative stre; Animals; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; 10. No inequality; Oxidation-Reduction; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt

Drug-naïve psychotic patients show metabolic and hepatic dysfunctions. The rat social isolation model of psychosis allows to investigate mechanisms leading these disturbances which oxidative stress crucially contributes. Here, we investigated isolation-induced central peripheral dysfunctions in glucose homeostasis insulin sensitivity, along with redox dysregulation. Social did not affect basal glycemic levels the response loads tolerance tests. However, HOMA-Index value were increased isolated (ISO) rats. A hypothalamic reduction AKT phosphorylation a trend toward an increase AMPK observed following isolation, accompanied by reduced GLUT-4 levels. also induced receptor, GLUT-2, decreased liver. Furthermore, significant CPT1 PPAR-α was detected. ISO rats showed elevations ROS amount, lipid peroxidation NOX4 expression, whereas no differences detected NOX2 NOX1 Expression SOD2 mitochondrial fraction SOD1 cytosolic altered SOD activity increased. decrease CAT GSH amount compared GRP animals. Our data suggest that oxidant status antioxidant capacity modifications may trigger systemic resistance, altering signal hormone pathway sustaining subsequent alteration impairment psychosis.