A chloroplast protein atlas reveals punctate structures and spatial organization of biosynthetic pathways

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.008
• Publication Date: 2023-08-03T14:41:22Z
• Authors: Lianyong Wang; Weronika Patena; Kelly A. Van Baalen; Yihua Xie; Emily R. Singer; Sophia Gavrilenko; Michelle Warren-W...; Linqu Han; Henry R. Harrigan; Linnea D. Hartz; Vivian Chen; Vinh T.N.P. Ton; Saw Kyin; Henry H. Shwe; Matthew H. Cahn; Alexandra T. Wilson; Masayuki Onishi; Jianping Hu; Danny J. Schnell; Claire D. McWhite; Martin C. Jonikas
• Keywords: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; Pyrenoid; Chlamydomonas; Organelle

Chloroplasts are eukaryotic photosynthetic organelles that drive the global carbon cycle. Despite their importance, our understanding of protein composition, function, and spatial organization remains limited. Here, we determined localizations 1,034 candidate chloroplast proteins using fluorescent tagging in model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The provide insights into functions poorly characterized proteins; identify novel components nucleoids, plastoglobules, pyrenoid; reveal widespread targeting to multiple compartments. We discovered further cellular organizational features, including eleven punctate structures, cytosolic crescent unexpected distributions enzymes within chloroplast. also used machine learning predict other nuclear-encoded proteins. strains localization atlas developed here will serve as a resource accelerate studies architecture functions.