Endothelial Cilia Mediate Low Flow Sensing during Zebrafish Vascular Development

• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.032
• Publication Date: 2014-02-20T23:01:00Z
• Authors: Jacky G. Goetz; Emily Steed; Rita R. Ferreira; Stéphane Roth; Caroline Ramspacher; Francesco Boselli; Gilles Charvin; Michael Liebling; Claire Wyart; Yannick Schwab; Julien Vermot
• Keywords: 0301 basic medicine; Embryo, Nonmammalian; QH301-705.5; Embryonic Development; Endothelial Cells; Neovascularization, Physiologic; [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology; Cardiovascular System; 03 medical and health sciences; Animals; Cilia; Biology (General); [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology; Cells, Cultured; Zebrafish

The pattern of blood flow has long been thought to play a significant role in vascular morphogenesis, yet the flow-sensing mechanism that is involved at early embryonic stages, when forces are low, remains unclear. It proposed endothelial cells use primary cilia sense flow, but this never tested vivo. Here we show, by noninvasive, high-resolution imaging live zebrafish embryos, progressively deflect onset and deflection angle correlates with calcium levels cells. We demonstrate alterations shear stress, ciliogenesis, or expression channel PKD2 impair level both increase perturb morphogenesis. Altogether, these results constitute highly sensitive structure permits detection low during