A Positive Feedback Loop between Sestrin2 and mTORC2 Is Required for the Survival of Glutamine-Depleted Lung Cancer Cells

• DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.06.066
• Publication Date: 2017-07-18T22:47:38Z
• Authors: Jun-Kyu Byun; Yeon-Kyung Choi; Ji-Hyun Kim; Ji Yun Jeong; Hui-Jeon Jeon; Mi-Kyung Kim; Ilseon Hwang; Shin-Yup Lee; You Mie Lee; In-Kyu Lee; Keun-Gyu Park
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; Lung Neoplasms; QH301-705.5; Cell Survival; Glutamine; Nuclear Proteins; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; Neoplasm Proteins; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Humans; Female; Biology (General); Sestrin 2; mTORC1; glutamine depletion; mTORC2

Proper regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 upon nutrient starvation is critical for cancer cell survival. Upregulation of Sestrin2 in response to glutamine deprivation rescues cell death by suppressing mTORC1. However, the contribution of mTORC2 to Sestrin2-mediated mTORC1 suppression remains unclear. Here, we report that both Sestrin2 and mTORC2 are upregulated in glutamine-depleted lung cancer cells. Moreover, glutamine depletion caused Sestrin2 to associate with mTORC2, which was required for the increase in Sestrin2 protein stability and the reduction in mTORC1 activity. Ultimately, differential regulation of mTORC1 and 2 by Sestrin2 reprogramed lipid metabolism and enabled glutamine-depleted lung cancer cells to survive by maintaining energy and redox balance. Importantly, combined inhibition of glutamine utilization and Sestrin2 induced lung cancer cell death both in vitro and in vivo. This study shows that differential Sestrin2-mediated regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 is necessary for the survival of glutamine-depleted lung cancer cells.