Distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids in fish species from the Baltic Sea and freshwaters in Finland

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132688
• Publication Date: 2021-10-27T10:07:48Z
• Authors: Eva Kumar; Jani Koponen; Panu Rantakokko; Riikka Airaksinen; Päivi Ruokojärvi; Hannu Kiviranta; Pekka J. Vuorinen; Timo Myllylä; Marja Keinänen; Jari Raitaniemi; Jaakko Mannio; Ville Junttila; Janne Nieminen; Eija-Riitta Venäl...; Marika Jestoi
• Keywords: Perfluorooctanoic acid; Perfluorooctane; Baltic sea; Biota

Occurrence and distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), a sub-category per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), is widespread in the environment. Food, especially fish meat, major pathway via which humans are exposed to PFAAs. As an integral part Nordic diet, therefore, this study, several species, caught selected Baltic Sea basins freshwater bodies Finland, were analysed for Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was detected all samples >80% from freshwaters. PFOS contributed between 46 100% total PFAA concentration 19 28% Geographically, ratios other PFAAs differed Finnish lakes suggesting that differ these environments. Results compared with current safety thresholds - environmental quality standard biota (EQSbiota) set by European Commission group tolerable weekly intake (TWI) sum four PFASs (∑PFAS-4) i.e. perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic (PFNA), perfluorohexane (PFHxS) PFOS, recommended Food Authority (EFSA). EQSbiota compliance observed species except smelt also River Aurajoki, where had migrated spawning. Moderate consumption most fishes (200 g week-1) results exceedance new TWI (4.4 ng kg-1 body weight ∑PFAS-4.