Unveiling the role of NK cells, NKT-like cells, and γδ cells in pathogenesis of type 1 reactions in leprosy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25254
• Publication Date: 2024-01-29T17:36:30Z
• Authors: Vinay Kumar Pathak; Itu Singh; Bhawna Sharma; Ravindra P. Turankar; Mamta Arora; Shoor Vir Singh; Utpal Sengupta
• Keywords: Pathogenesis

Leprosy is a disease with spectral clinical manifestations along two types of reactions, type 1 reaction (T1R) and 2 (T2R). T1R especially occurs because the defensive upgradation cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to M. leprae antigens. main cause disability in leprosy. The role conventional adaptive T cells has been well studied understand T1R. A comprehensive understanding unconventional manifestation inflammation during crucial not studied. In our study, we found significantly higher plasma levels TNFα, IL1β, IL17, IP10 when compared non-reaction (NR). Gene expression for cytokines blood circulation by qPCR showed IFNγ, IP10, IL6, IL17A chemokines CCL3, CCR1, CCR5, CXCR3 as NR. Frequencies NKT-like (48.7 %) NK (22.3 were comparison NR (36.9 %, 18.3 respectively) (p = 0.0001). Significantly lower γδT (3.32 observed (5.16 %). present study provided evidence first time on plausible immunopathogenesis