Report of endophthalmitis caused by Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum after plant trauma: A case involving left enucleation

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107117
• Publication Date: 2024-05-26T05:23:56Z
• Authors: Min Kang; Hui Feng; Xizhan Xu; Zhiqun Wang; Yang Zhang; Kexin Chen; Hong Wang; Qingfeng Liang; Xinxin Lu
• Keywords: Male; Endophthalmitis; 0303 health sciences; Antifungal Agents; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Middle Aged; Fungal endophthalmitis; Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum; Eye Enucleation; 03 medical and health sciences; Eye Foreign Bodies; Vitrectomy; Enucleation; Humans; Eye Infections, Fungal

During outdoor work in April 2022, a 48-year-old man was stabbed by a tree branch and underwent intraocular foreign body extraction and repair of the scleral wound with sutures and amniotic membrane graft at a local hospital. Steroid therapy with prednisone was prescribed after a diagnosis of uveitis. Vitrectomy was performed in June 2023; a fungal culture was positive, and ITS sequencing identified the organism as Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum. Empiric antifungal therapy did not have an effect, and, because of deterioration of the condition, the left eye was enucleated in October 2023. P. diffractum is a mangrove host-specific saprophytic fungus that has not been reported in humans.