Spatial and temporal characteristics of laboratory-induced Anopheles coluzzii swarms: Shape, structure, and flight kinematics

• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111164
• Publication Date: 2024-10-11T23:19:26Z
• Authors: Bèwadéyir Serge Poda; Antoine Cribellier; Lionel Feugère; Mathurin Fatou; Charles Nignan; Domonbabele Franç...; Pie Müller; Olivier Gnankiné; Roch Kounbobr Dabiré; Abdoulaye Diabaté; Florian T. Muijres; Olivier Roux
• Keywords: [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology; 570; Kinematics; 550; [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-BIO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Biological Physics [physics.bio-ph]; Science; Q; Disease; Evolutionary biology; Entomology; Article

AbstractAnophelesmosquitoes mate at sunset in aerial swarms. The development of mating-based methods for effective malaria vector control requires a good knowledge of the flight behaviour ofAnophelesspecies in mating swarms. However, the process of how swarms are formed and maintained remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized the three-dimensional spatial and temporal flight kinematics ofAnopheles coluzziimales swarming above a ground marker. We observed that the location, shape and volume of swarms were highly stereotypic, consistent over the swarming duration, regardless of the number of individuals in the swarm. The swarm had an elliptical cone shape, and we observed a differential spatial distribution of flight kinematics parameters within the swarm volume. Among these parameters, only swarm density varied with swarm size. Using a sensory system-informed model, we show that swarm location and shape can accurately be modelled based on visual perception of the marker. To control swarm height, swarming individuals maintain an optical angle of the marker ranging from 24° to 55°. Limiting the viewing angle deviation to 4.5% of the maximum value results in the observed elliptical cone swarm shape. We discuss the implications of these finding in mating success, speciation and for vector control.