High-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos: A Snowmass white paper

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jheap.2022.08.001
• Publication Date: 2022-08-08T22:29:38Z
• Authors: Markus Ackermann; Mauricio Bustamante; Lu Lu; Nepomuk Otte; Mary Hall Reno; Stephanie Wissel; Markus Ackermann; Sanjib K. Agarwalla; Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz; Rafael Alves Batista; Carlos A. Argüelles; Mauricio Bustamante; Brian A. Clark; Austin Cummings; Sudipta Das; Valentin Decoene; Peter B. Denton; Damien Dornic; Zhan-Arys Dzhilki...; Yasaman Farzan; Alfonso Garcia; Maria Vittoria Ga...; Christian Glaser; Aart Heijboer; Jörg R. Hörandel; Giulia Illuminati; Yu Seon Jeong; John L. Kelley; Kevin J. Kelly; Ali Kheirandish; Spencer R. Klein; John F. Krizmanic; Michael J. Larson; Lu Lu; Kohta Murase; Ashish Narang; Nepomuk Otte; Remy L. Prechelt; Steven Prohira; Mary Hall Reno; Elisa Resconi; Marcos Santander; Victor B. Valera; Justin Vandenbroucke; Olga Vasil'evna S...; Lawrence Wiencke; Stephanie Wissel; Shigeru Yoshida; Tianlu Yuan; Enrique Zas; Pavel Zhelnin; Bei Zhou; Luis A. Anchordoqui; Yosuke Ashida; Mahdi Bagheri; Aswathi Balagopal; Vedant Basu; James Beatty; Keith Bechtol; Nicole Bell; Abigail Bishop; Julia Book; Anthony Brown; Alexander Burgman; Michael Campana; Nhan Chau; Thomas Y. Chen; Alan Coleman; Amy Connolly; Janet M. Conrad; Pablo Correa; Cyril Creque-Sarb...; Austin Cummings; Zachary Curtis-Gi...; Paramita Dasgupta; Simon De Kockere; Krijn de Vries; Cosmin Deaconu; Abhishek Desai; Tyce DeYoung; Armando di Matteo; Dominik Elsaesser; Phillip Fürst; Kwok Lung Fan; Anatoli Fedynitch; Derek Fox; Erik Ganster; Martin Ha Minh; Christian Haack; Steffen Hallman; Francis Halzen; Andreas Haungs; Aya Ishihara; Eleanor Judd; Timo Karg; Albrecht Karle; Teppei Katori; Alina Kochocki; Claudio Kopper; Marek Kowalski; Ilya Kravchenko; Naoko Kurahashi; Mathieu Lamoureux; Hermes León Vargas; Massimiliano Linc...; Qinrui Liu; Jim Madsen; Yuya Makino; Joseph Mammo; Zsuzsa Marka; Eric Mayotte; Kevin Meagher; Maximilian Meier; Martin Ha Minh; Lino Miramonti; Marjon Moulai; Katharine Mulrey; Marco Muzio; Richard Naab; Anna Nelles; William Nichols; Alisa Nozdrina; Erin O'Sullivan; Vivian OD́ell; Jesse Osborne; Vishvas Pandey; Ek Narayan Paudel; Alex Pizzuto; Mattias Plum; Carlos Pobes Aranda; Lilly Pyras; Christoph Raab; Zoe Rechav; Juan Rojo; Oscar Romero Mata...; Marcos Santander; Pierpaolo Savina; Frank Schroeder; Lisa Schumacher; Sergio Sciutto; Stephen Sclafani; Mohammad Ful Hoss...; Manuel Silva; Rajeev Singh; Daniel Smith; Samuel Timothy Sp...; Robert Wayne Spri...; Juliana Stachurska; Olga Suvorova; Ignacio Taboada; Simona Toscano; Matias Tueros; Jean Pierre Twagi...; Nick van Eijndhoven; Péter Veres; Abigail Vieregg; Winnie Wang; Nathan Whitehorn; Walter Winter; Emre Yildizci; Shiqi Yu
• Keywords: STERILE NEUTRINOS; [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]; neutrino: energy: high; Astronomy; Baikal; 530; WIMP: dark matter; 01 natural sciences; 7. Clean energy; ICECUBE; neutrino: flux; IceCube; neutrino: decay; neutrino: energy; NUCLEON CROSS-SECTION; 0103 physical sciences; DARK-MATTER; neutrino: supernova; info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/530; numerical calculations; KM3NeT; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; astro-ph.HE; hep-ex; new physics; Physics; ddc:530; ANITA; hep-ph; COSMIC-RAYS; neutrino: UHE; neutrino: propagation; [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]; neutrino, UHE; QUANTUM-GRAVITY; neutrino: detector; 13. Climate action; TAU AIR-SHOWERS; PROTOTYPE STATION; HEAVY QUARKS; [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]

Astrophysical neutrinos are excellent probes of astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. With energies far beyond solar, supernovae, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos, high-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos probe fundamental physics from the TeV scale to the EeV scale and beyond. They are sensitive to physics both within and beyond the Standard Model through their production mechanisms and in their propagation over cosmological distances. They carry unique information about their extreme non-thermal sources by giving insight into regions that are opaque to electromagnetic radiation. This white paper describes the opportunities astrophysical neutrino observations offer for astrophysics and high-energy physics, today and in coming years.