Off-farm employment, agriculture production activities, and household dietary diversity in environmentally and economically vulnerable areas of Asia

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.016
• Publication Date: 2023-11-23T02:53:18Z
• Authors: Yunli Bai; Xuanye Zeng; Chao Fu; Linxiu Zhang
• Keywords: Household income; Vulnerability; Tobit model; Consumption

Access to off-farm employment has been expected be one of important approaches end hunger and all forms malnutrition, which are two targets achieving Zero Hunger. This study aims investigate the role in improving dietary diversity through substitution effect complementary with agricultural production activities, income effect. Using primary survey data among 1282 households at 12 sites environmentally economically vulnerability areas China, Nepal, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar 2019, Poisson/Tobit/Probit/OLS regressions Instrument variable method adopted. The results show that is positively associated household consumption flesh meat, fish other aquatic animals, fruits, milk dairy products, rich protein microelement. mechanism analysis contributes by crop diversity, especially for poor household, boosting probability livestock breeding middle 1/3 income, increasing income. positive association between much higher bottom disposal low illiteracy, middle-high countries. These findings imply does play a vital multiple benefits poverty alleviation, malnutrition reduction, agrobiodiversity conservation areas. However, it may enlarge gaps human capital from low- countries those high