Human papillomavirus prevalence in the anus and urine among HIV-infected Japanese men who have sex with men

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2017.06.005
• Publication Date: 2017-07-06T05:45:23Z
• Authors: Hiroshi Yaegashi; Kazuyoshi Shigehara; Ichiro Itoda; Mitsuaki Ohkodo; Kazufumi Nakashima; Shohei Kawaguchi; Mikio Ueda; Koji Izumi; Yoshifumi Kadono; Hiroko Ikeda; Mikio Namiki; Atsushi Mizokami
• Keywords: Anus; Ascus (bryozoa)

The present study investigated human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in anal and urine samples, and evaluated cytological findings among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Japanese men who have sex with men (MSM).A total of 148 patients were enrolled. Anal and urine samples were collected from each participant, and a HPV-DNA test and genotyping were performed using flow-through hybridization. In addition, anal cytology was evaluated based on Papanicolaou staining. Questionnaires regarding lifestyle habits and sexual behavior were obtained.The β-globin gene was positive in 131 (88.5%) anal samples and 139 (94.0%) urine samples. Among the β-globin-positive samples, the HPV prevalence in anal and urine samples was 80.9% and 30.9%, respectively. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was detected in 57.3% of anal samples and 20.9% of urine samples. Among 122 adequate cytological samples, anal cytological abnormalities were observed in 99 cases (81.1%). Anal cytological tests revealed that atypical squamous cells of an undetermined significance (ASCUS) were detected in 57 (46.7%) patients, followed by low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in 35 (28.7%), high-grade SIL in five (4.1%), and atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade SIL (ASC-H) in two (1.6%), respectively. The nadir counts of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte less than 200 μL and anal HR-HPV infection were independent risk factors for anal cytological atypia over ASC-H.The present study demonstrated high HPV prevalence in the anus and urine, and showed a high incidence of anal cytological atypia associated with HR-HPV infections among HIV-infected MSM patients.