Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes meniscus regeneration through the cultivation of synovial mesenchymal stem cells via the CXCL6–CXCR2 pathway

• DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.07.010
• Publication Date: 2023-08-09T02:20:00Z
• Authors: Atsushi Goshima; Yuki Etani; Makoto Hirao; Satoshi Yamakawa; Gensuke Okamura; Akira Miyama; Kenji Takami; Taihei Miura; Yuji Fukuda; Takuya Kurihara; Nagahiro Ochiai; Shohei Oyama; Shunya Otani; Masashi Tamaki; Teruya Ishibashi; Tetsuya Tomita; Takashi Kanamoto; Ken Nakata; Seiji Okada; Kosuke Ebina
• Keywords: Basic fibroblast growth factor; CXCR2; Chemokine CXCL6; Synovial Membrane; CXCL6; 610; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Cell Differentiation; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; 3. Good health; Synovial mesenchymal stem cells; Rats; Humans; Animals; Regeneration; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Meniscus; Meniscus regeneration; Cells, Cultured

To investigate the efficacy of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in promoting meniscus regeneration by cultivating synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) and to validate the underlying mechanisms.Human SMSCs were collected from patients with osteoarthritis. Eight-week-old nude rats underwent hemi-meniscectomy, and SMSCs in pellet form, either with or without bFGF (1.0 × 106 cells per pellet), were implanted at the site of meniscus defects. Rats were divided into the control (no transplantation), FGF (-) (pellet without bFGF), and FGF (+) (pellet with bFGF) groups. Different examinations, including assessment of the regenerated meniscus area, histological scoring of the regenerated meniscus and cartilage, meniscus indentation test, and immunohistochemistry analysis, were performed at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery.Transplanted SMSCs adhered to the regenerative meniscus. Compared with the control group, the FGF (+) group had larger regenerated meniscus areas, superior histological scores of the meniscus and cartilage, and better meniscus mechanical properties. RNA sequencing of SMSCs revealed that the gene expression of chemokines that bind to CXCR2 was upregulated by bFGF. Furthermore, conditioned medium derived from SMSCs cultivated with bFGF exhibited enhanced cell migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation, which were specifically inhibited by CXCR2 or CXCL6 inhibitors.SMSCs cultured with bFGF promoted the expression of CXCL6. This mechanism may enhance cell migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation, thereby resulting in superior meniscus regeneration and cartilage preservation.