Bergamot leaf extract treats cardiorenal metabolic syndrome and associated pathophysiological factors in rats fed with a high sugar fat diet

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111721
• Publication Date: 2022-07-31T00:44:04Z
• Authors: Juliana Silva Siq...; Taynara Aparecida...; Erika Tiemi Nakan...; Thiago Luiz Novag...; Felipe Sarzi; Jessica Leite Garcia; Bruno Henrique de...; Silmeia Garcia Za...; Giovanna Baron; Luigi Tucci; Elzbieta Janda; Alessandra Altomare; Francesca Gado; Artur Junio Togne...; Giancarlo Aldini; Fabiane Valentini...; Camila Renata Correa
• Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; 2. Zero hunger; Citrus; 0303 health sciences; Plant Extracts; Bergamot; CRMS; Metabolic syndrome; Western diet; Bergamot; Diet, High-Fat; Metabolic syndrome; CRMS; Rats; 3. Good health; 03 medical and health sciences; Oils, Volatile; Animals; Western diet; Insulin Resistance; Sugars

Bergamot citrus (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau), have been used as a strategy to prevent or treat comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome parameters, such as cardiorenal metabolic syndrome (CRMS). The aim was to test the effect of bergamot leaf extract on CRMS and associated pathophysiological factors in rats fed with a high sugar-fat diet. Animals were divided into two experimental groups with control diet (Control, n = 30) and high sugar-fat diet (HSF, n = 30) for 20 weeks. Once CRMS was detected, animals were redivided to begin the treatment with Bergamot Leaf Extract (BLE) by gavage (50 mg/kg) for 10 weeks: control diet + placebo (Control, n = 09), control diet + BLE (Control + BLE, n = 09), HSF diet + placebo (HSF, n = 09), HSF + BLE (n = 09). Evaluation included nutritional, metabolic and hormonal analysis; and renal and cardiac parameters. HSF groups presented obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance. BLE showed protection against effects on hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, renal damage, and structural and functional alterations of the heart. Conclusion: Bergamot leaf extract shows potential as a therapeutic to treat CRMS in animals fed with a high sugar-fat diet.