Behavioral and neural responses during fear conditioning and extinction in a large transdiagnostic sample

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103060
• Publication Date: 2022-05-25T23:02:16Z
• Authors: Namik Kirlic; Rayus Kuplicki; James Touthang; Zsofia P. Cohen; Jennifer L. Stewart; Martin P. Paulus; Robin L. Aupperle
• Keywords: Extinction (optical mineralogy)

Dysregulation of fear learning has been associated with psychiatric disorders that have altered positive and negative valence domain function. While amygdala-insula-prefrontal circuitry is considered important for learning, there inconsistencies in neural findings healthy clinical human samples. This study aimed to delineate the substrates behavioral responses during a large, transdiagnostic sample predominantly depressive and/or anxious dysfunction.Two-hundred eighty-two individuals (52 participants; 230 participants depression anxiety-related problems) from Tulsa 1000 study, an ongoing, naturalistic longitudinal based on dimensional psychopathological framework, completed Pavlovian task functional magnetic resonance imaging. Linear mixed-effects analyses examined condition-by-time effects brain activation (CS+, CS- across familiarization, conditioning, extinction trials). A data-driven latent profile analysis (LPA) distinct patterns threat conditioning extinction, while logistic regression evaluated cognitive-affective predictors profiles.Whole-brain revealed interaction anterior insula, postcentral gyrus, superior temporal middle frontal cerebellum but not amygdala. The LPA identified profiles subjective levels measurement. Anterior insula were characterized by marginal differences age state anxiety.Our demonstrate recruits distributed network regions involved interoceptive, cognitive, motivational, psychomotor processes. Data-driven transcended diagnoses, no robust relationships demographic or variable identified.