Towards improved neutral exhaust in the HSX stellarator

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2025.101874
• Publication Date: 2025-02-20T23:39:21Z
• Authors: Dieter Boeyaert; Kelly A. Garcia; Heinke Frerichs; Michael J. Gerard; Aaron Bader; Robert Davies; Benedikt Geiger; John Schmitt; Oliver Schmitz
• Keywords: Connection length; EMC3-EIRENE; Baffles; Non-resonant divertor; TK9001-9401; Grids; Nuclear engineering. Atomic power; Lyapunov exponent

To improve our knowledge of neutral exhaust in non-resonant divertors, a particle exhaust study is performed for the Helically Symmetric eXperiment (HSX). The chaotic magnetic field topology in the plasma edge is examined with connection lengths and Lyapunov exponents. Plasma flux tubes are identified and these flux tubes deposit particles onto plasma facing components. This helps determine the areas where neutrals are generated and provides guidance on where to put baffles. As shown using EMC3-EIRENE simulations, the introduction of baffles can help increase the neutral pressure at and away from the strike line locations. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that baffle design cannot only be based on placing structures at locations with small connection lengths.