Global, regional, and national burden of asthma from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pccm.2025.02.005
• Publication Date: 2025-03-12T20:40:20Z
• Authors: Zhenyu Mao; Xiaoyan Zhu; Pengdou Zheng; Lingling Wang; Fengqin Zhang; Lixiang Chen; Ling Zhou; Wei Liu; Huiguo Liu

Asthma is a prevalent non-communicable disease that affects individuals of all ages and has emerged as significant global public health concern. This study aims to conduct comprehensive assessment the burden asthma worldwide, well at regional national levels, utilizing Global Burden Diseases (GBD) 2021 database for years 1990 2021. utilized GBD report cases incident asthma, alongside age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), incidence rate (ASIR), number disability-adjusted life (DALYs), DALY (ASDR), deaths, mortality (ASMR) global, regional, levels year Additionally, it computed estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) these indicators from further analyzed above in different gender age groups, investigated association between ASDR/ASMR socio-demographic index (SDI). It also provided an analysis contribution four risk factors overall burden. From 2021, EAPC ASIR was -1.04 (95 % confidence interval [CI]:-1.18 -0.89), ASPR -1.59 CI:-1.74 -1.43), ASDR -1.91 CI:-1.98 -1.84), ASMR -2.03 CI:-2.09 -1.98). In remained alarmingly high 260.48 million UI: 227.21 297.97 million). Developed countries, exemplified by United States, exhibited elevated ASPR. However, asthma-related DALYs predominantly afflicted low- middle-income nations. China, there been decline ASIR, ASPR, asthma. most among women markedly higher than men, particularly evident DALYs. Children elderly bore heavier varied across generally exhibiting negative correlation with SDI levels. A body-mass continued be primary factor on scale. Decomposition reveals population growth plays role exacerbating deaths measured (ASR) shown declining trend. remains significantly high. Moreover, notable inequality regions populations worldwide. highlights urgent need countries prioritize management control strategies address disparities improve outcomes affected individuals.