Nonlinear optical characteristics of germanium and its application for generating bound state solitons within Er-doped fiber laser

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106604
• Publication Date: 2023-06-08T16:13:00Z
• Authors: Rui Zhao; Xin Zhao; Shuo Sun; Yule Zhang; Zhiqi Sui; Fuhao Yang; S. Wageh; Omar A. Al-Hartomy; Abdullah G. Al-Se...; Huanian Zhang; Han Zhang; Jianfeng Qiu
• Keywords: Saturable absorption

Recently, germanium (Ge) was also considered as the two-dimensional (2D) material saturable absorber (SA) because of its excellent nonlinear absorption properties. However, research Ge SA Er-doped fiber laser is still rare. In this work, bound state solitons were demonstrated in laser. To be best our knowledge, no previous work has ever achieved that. Three kinds with 9.77 MHz fundamental frequency investigated, indicating that optical characteristics to promote development soliton.