Source specific exposure and risk assessment for indoor aerosols

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.398
• Publication Date: 2019-03-02T03:09:17Z
• Authors: Antti Joonas Koiv...; Kirsten Inga Kling; Otto Hänninen; Michael Jayjock; Jakob Löndahl; Aneta Wierzbicka; Ana Sofia Fonseca; Katrine Uhrbrand; Brandon E. Boor; Araceli Sánchez J...; Kaarle Hämeri; Miikka Dal Maso; Susan F. Arnold; Keld A. Jensen; Mar Viana; Lidia Morawska; Tareq Hussein
• Keywords: 690; 550; BREATHING ZONE; Mass balance; http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3; 114 Physical sciences; Risk Assessment; 01 natural sciences; 7. Clean energy; 114; MODELING TOOLS; Emission; PARTICULATE MATTER; FLOW-RATES; Air Pollution; 11. Sustainability; Humans; INHALATION EXPOSURE; /dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being; name=SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages; 0105 earth and related environmental sciences; Aerosols; Air Pollutants; Inhalation Exposure; AIR EXCHANGE-RATES; EMISSION RATES; Modeling; Environmental Exposure; Models, Theoretical; 3. Good health; Physical sciences; Environmental sciences; Air quality, Emission, Modeling, Mass balance, Regulation, Health; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; Emissions; Health; 13. Climate action; Air Pollution, Indoor; Air quality; 628; Particulate Matter; VENTILATION RATES; Regulation; Environmental Monitoring

Poor air quality is a leading contributor to the global disease burden and total number of deaths worldwide. Humans spend most of their time in built environments where the majority of the inhalation exposure occurs. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is challenged by outdoor air pollution entering indoors through ventilation and infiltration and by indoor emission sources. The aim of this study was to understand the current knowledge level and gaps regarding effective approaches to improve IAQ. Emission regulations currently focus on outdoor emissions, whereas quantitative understanding of emissions from indoor sources is generally lacking. Therefore, specific indoor sources need to be identified, characterized, and quantified according to their environmental and human health impact. The emission sources should be stored in terms of relevant metrics and statistics in an easily accessible format that is applicable for source specific exposure assessment by using mathematical mass balance modelings. This forms a foundation for comprehensive risk assessment and efficient interventions. For such a general exposure assessment model we need 1) systematic methods for indoor aerosol emission source assessment, 2) source emission documentation in terms of relevant a) aerosol metrics and b) biological metrics, 3) default model parameterization for predictive exposure modeling, 4) other needs related to aerosol characterization techniques and modeling methods. Such a general exposure assessment model can be applicable for private, public, and occupational indoor exposure assessment, making it a valuable tool for public health professionals, product safety designers, industrial hygienists, building scientists, and environmental consultants working in the field of IAQ and health.