Emissions and power demand in optimal energy retrofit scenarios of the Finnish building stock by 2050

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102896
• Publication Date: 2021-03-30T23:28:54Z
• Authors: Janne Hirvonen; Juhani Heljo; Juha Jokisalo; Antti Kurvinen; Arto Saari; Tuomo Niemelä; Paula Sankelo; Risto Kosonen
• Keywords: Stock (firearms); Zero emission; Business as usual; Primary energy

Finland and the European Union aim to reduce CO2 emissions by 80–100 % before 2050. This requires drastic changes in all emissions-generating sectors. In building sector, new buildings are required be nearly zero energy buildings. However, 79 of were built 2000, meaning that they lack heat recovery suffer from badly insulated facades. study presents four large-scale retrofit scenarios, showing emission reduction potential whole Finnish stock. Six basic types with several age categories heating systems used model demand Retrofitted configurations chosen using simulation-based multi-objective optimisation combined according a novel stock model. After retrofits, national district was reduced 25–63 compared business as usual development scenario. Despite large increase number pumps system, retrofits direct electric can prevent rise electricity consumption. different scenarios 50–75 2050 current factors.