Cutaneous loxoscelism caused by Loxosceles similis venom and neutralization capacity of its specific antivenom

• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2012.03.007
• Publication Date: 2012-03-22T00:12:39Z
• Authors: M. Chatzaki; C.C. Horta; M.O. Almeida; N.B. Pereira; T.M. Mendes; C. Dias-Lopes; G. Guimarães; L. Moro; C. Chávez-Olórtegui; M.C.R. Horta; E. Kalapothakis
• Keywords: Antivenom

Members of the spider genus Loxosceles pose a marked health risk to humans because seriousness necrotic and systemic effects their bite, known as loxoscelism. The recent confirmation similis in residences Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Province, Brazil increases local potential loxoscelism at higher levels. first characterization venom from this species showed that its main biological had similar intensity other (e.g. intermedia, laeta, gaucho). Therefore, we wished further analyse activity L. well capacity anti-L. similis-venom serum reduce dermonecrotic rabbit skin. Histological analysis skin 2, 4 8 h after intradermal injection demonstrated dense inflammatory infiltrate, edema, degeneration necrosis muscle, dissociation collagen fibers, disruption reticular fibers. Importantly, pre-incubation with significantly decreased all these effects. Anti-L. antivenom generated antibodies were strongly reactive capable neutralizing rabbits caused by venom. Moreover, reduced sphingomyelinase crude Venoms produced male female spiders equally towards intermedia antivenoms, but induced larger lesions on rabbits. In contrast, acted an immunization enhancer protected animals envenomation greater degree than conclusion, results shown study for merits more depth properties, which may become valuable tool against