Investigating the experimental space for two-step Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 absorber layer fabrication: A design of experiment approach

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2021.138958
• Publication Date: 2021-10-11T15:58:32Z
• Authors: Sarallah Hamtaei; Guy Brammertz; Thierry Kohl; Dilara Gokcen Buldu; Gizem Birant; Jessica de Wild; Marc Meuris; Jef Poortmans; Bart Vermang
• Keywords: gallium; Two-step sequential processing; sulfide; Design of experiment; 0103 physical sciences; Copper indium gallium selenide sulfide, Two-step sequential processing, Design of experiment; indium; selenide; 7. Clean energy; 01 natural sciences; Copper

Abstract This research reveals the missing or often undisclosed experimental data on processing conditions of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 absorbers by the two-step sequential technique. Accordingly, by employing a one-variable-at-a-time approach- where each factor is exclusively changed with respect to a defined center point, we identified a handful of significant parameters which play the most significant role in an absorber's properties and consequently, prospective high-performing solar cells. This was done by analyzing their impact on a few most important metrics. Hence, the vast processing window with numerous factors and levels for development of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 by this method becomes constrained and feasible to optimize in future endeavours.