The effects of crude propolis, its volatiles and ethanolic extracts on the ecto-parasitic mite, Varroa destructor and health of the African savannah honey bee, Apis mellifera scutellata

• DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000305
• Publication Date: 2021-02-17T06:23:55Z
• Authors: Beatrice T. Nganso; Baldwyn Torto
• Keywords: Propolis; Varroa sensitive hygiene

Abstract Propolis is a hive product composed of biologically active plant resins, and has been shown to enhance individual honey bee ( Apis mellifera L.) health. also demonstrated mitigate, in part, the negative effects caused by ecto-parasitic mite Varroa destructor its associated viruses on health managed European colonies. However, effect status African bees remains largely unknown. Here, we found that savannah bees, A. m. scutellata Kenya, deposited approximately two half-fold more propolis their colonies during periods increased than reduced worker brood rearing. This finding suggested may use high quantities prophylactically protect young brood; yet, observed no significant correlation between quantity amount or mite-infestation level adult workers. Furthermore, whereas volatiles placed direct contact with mites had survival under laboratory conditions, ethanolic extract significantly when compared untreated control. These results suggest presence deterrent compounds propolis.