Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with long-term depressive symptoms in Spanish older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome

• DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002313
• Publication Date: 2023-09-05T07:03:55Z
• Authors: Sangeetha Shyam; Carlos Gómez-Mart...; Indira Paz-Graniel; José J. Gaforio; Miguel Ángel Mart...; Dolores Corella; Montserrat Fitó; J. Alfredo Martínez; Ángel M. Alonso-G...; Julia Wärnberg; Jesús Vioque; Dora Romaguera; José López-Miranda; Ramon Estruch; Francisco J. Tina...; José Manuel Santo...; J. Luís Serra-Majem; Aurora Bueno-Cava...; Josep A. Tur; Vicente Martín Sá...; Xavier Pintó; María Ortiz Ramos; Josep Vidal; Maria Mar Alcarria; Lidia Daimiel; Emilio Ros; Fernando Fernande...; Stephanie K. Nishi; Oscar García Regata; Estefania Toledo; Jose V. Sorli; Olga Castañer; Antonio Garcia-Rios; Rafael Valls-Enguix; Napoleon Perez-Fa...; M. Angeles Zulet; Elena Rayó-Gago; Rosa Casas; Mario Rivera-Izqu...; Lucas Tojal-Sierra; Miguel Damas-Fuentes; Pilar Buil-Cosiales; Rebeca Fernández-...; Albert Goday; Patricia J. Peña-...; Laura Compañ-Gabucio; Javier Diez-Espino; Susanna Tello; Ana González-Pinto; Víctor de la O; Miguel Delgado-Ro...; Nancy Babio; Jordi Salas-Salvadó
• Keywords: Depression; Interquartile range

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has serious physiological and psychological consequences. long-term (>12 weeks post-infection) impact of COVID-19 on mental health, specifically in older adults, is unclear. We longitudinally assessed the association with depression symptomatology community-dwelling adults metabolic syndrome within framework PREDIMED-Plus cohort. Methods Participants ( n = 5486) aged 55–75 years were included this longitudinal status (positive/negative) determined by tests (e.g. polymerase chain reaction severe acute respiratory 2, IgG) was confirmed via event adjudication (410 cases). Pre- post-COVID-19 depressive ascertained from annual assessments conducted using a validated 21-item Spanish Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Multivariable linear logistic regression models between symptomatology. Results associated higher BDI-II scores measured at median (interquartile range) 29 (15–40) post-infection [fully adjusted β 0.65 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15–1.15; p 0.011]. This particularly prominent women 1.38 CI 0.44–2.33, 0.004). 62% increased odds elevated risk (BDI-II ≥ 14) when for confounders (odds ratio; 1.13–2.30, 0.008). Conclusions overweight/obesity syndrome, women. Thus, evaluations health preventive public initiatives are warranted adults.