Epidemiology of hospitalised paediatric community-acquired pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia following the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the national immunisation programme in Japan

• DOI: 10.1017/s0950268820000813
• Publication Date: 2020-04-17T08:25:50Z
• Authors: N. Takeuchi; S. Naito; M. Ohkusu; K. Abe; K. Shizuno; Y. Takahashi; Y. Omata; T. Nakazawa; K. Takeshita; H. Hishiki; T. Hoshino; Y. Sato; N. Ishiwada
• Keywords: Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; Pneumococcal pneumonia; Bacterial pneumonia; Sputum culture

Studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumococcal (PP) related to the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction in Asia are scarce. This study aimed investigate epidemiological microbiological determinants of hospitalised CAP PP after PCV13 was introduced Japan. observational hospital-based surveillance included children aged ⩽15 years, admitted hospitals around Chiba City, Participants had bacterial based a positive blood or sputum culture for pathogens. Serotype antibiotic-susceptibility testing Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae isolates from patients with were assessed. The hospitalisation rate per 1000 child-years 17.7, 14.3 9.7 <5 years 1.18, 2.64 0.69 5-15 2008, 2012 2018, respectively. There 45% 41% reduction rates, between pre-PCV7 periods, Significant reductions occurred proportion due serotypes. Conversely, no change caused by H. influenzae. incidence significantly reduced Continuous is necessary detect emerging