Fluorescent Nanodiamond: A Versatile Tool for Long-Term Cell Tracking, Super-Resolution Imaging, and Nanoscale Temperature Sensing

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00484
• Publication Date: 2016-02-16T20:03:34Z
• Authors: Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao; Yuen Yung Hui; Pei-Chang Tsai; Huan-Cheng Chang
• Keywords: STED microscopy; Nanodiamond; Photobleaching; Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy; Biological Imaging; Autofluorescence; Live cell imaging

ConspectusFluorescent nanodiamond (FND) has recently played a central role in fueling new discoveries interdisciplinary fields spanning biology, chemistry, physics, and materials sciences. The nanoparticle is unique that it contains high density ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen–vacancy (NV–) centers as built-in fluorophores. center possesses number outstanding optical magnetic properties. First, NV– an absorption maximum at ∼550 nm, when exposed to green-orange light, emits bright fluorescence ∼700 nm with lifetime longer than 10 ns. These spectroscopic properties are little affected by surface modification but distinctly different from those cell autofluorescence thus enable background-free imaging FNDs tissue sections. Such characteristics together its excellent biocompatibility render FND ideal for long-term tracking applications, particularly stem research.Next, artificial atom the solid state, perfectly photostable, without photobleaching blinking. Therefore, NV-containing suitable contrast agent super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED). An improvement spatial resolution 20-fold readily achievable using high-power STED laser deplete fluorescence. crucial revealing detailed structures biological complexes assemblies, including cellular organelles subcellular compartments. Further enhancement live possible manipulating charge states NV centers. As "brightest" member nanocarbon family, holds great promise potential bioimaging unprecedented precision.Lastly, diamond atom-like quantum system total electron spin 1. ground spins show crystal field splitting 2.87 GHz, separating ms = 0 ±1 sublevels. Interestingly, transitions between sublevels can be optically detected manipulated microwave radiation, technique known resonance (ODMR). In addition, have exceptionally long coherence time, making useful ultrasensitive detection temperature nanoscale. Pump–probe-type nanothermometry temporal better μs been achieved three-point sampling method. Gold/diamond nanohybrids also developed highly localized hyperthermia applications.This Account provides summary recent advances FND-enabled technologies special focus on tracking, imaging, nanoscale sensing. emerging multifaceted synchronicity modern modalities.