Advanced Materials and Devices for Bioresorbable Electronics

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00548
• Publication Date: 2018-04-17T20:44:40Z
• Authors: Seung-Kyun Kang; Jahyun Koo; Yoon Kyeung Lee; John A. Rogers
• Keywords: Biocompatible material; Bioresorbable scaffold

Recent advances in materials chemistry establish the foundations for unusual classes of electronic systems, characterized by their ability to fully or partially dissolve, disintegrate, otherwise physically chemically decompose a controlled fashion after some defined period stable operation. Such types "transient" technologies may enable consumer gadgets that minimize waste streams associated with disposal, implantable sensors disappear harmlessly body, and hardware-secure platforms prevent unwanted recovery sensitive data. This second area opportunity, sometimes referred as bioresorbable electronics, is particular interest due its provide diagnostic therapeutic function manner can enhance monitor transient biological processes, such wound healing, while bypassing risks extended device load on body secondary surgical procedures removal. Early research established sets substrates, encapsulation layers, dielectrics, along several options organic bio-organic semiconductors. The subsequent realization nanoscale forms device-grade monocrystalline silicon, silicon nanomembranes (m-Si NMs, Si NMs) undergo hydrolysis biofluids yield biocompatible byproducts over biologically relevant time scales advanced field providing immediate routes high performance operation versatile, sophisticated levels function. When combined conductors, NMs basis broad, general class electronics. Other properties Si, piezoresistivity photovoltaic properties, allow other devices solar cells, strain gauges, pH sensors, photodetectors. most now exist complete systems successful demonstrations clinically modes animal models. Account highlights foundational concepts this technology, starting dissolution reaction kinetics temperature, pH, ion protein concentration. A following discussion focuses key supporting materials, including range metals, substrates. As comparatively low alternatives semiconductors are also presented, where derives from intrinsic flexibility, low-temperature processability, ease chemical modification. Representative examples strategies passive active control lifetime then discussed, various illustrations. final section outlines electronics sensing biophysical parameters, monitoring electrophysiological activity, delivering drugs programmed manner. Fundamental remains essential development emerging field, continued will increase possibilities sensing, actuation, power harvesting. Materials layers delay water-diffusion passively actively triggered particularly important addressing areas opportunity clinical medicine, secure envisioned military industrial uses. deep scientific content broad application opportunities suggest remain growing community.