Glutamine Regulates Cell Growth and Casein Synthesis through the CYTHs/ARFGAP1-Arf1-mTORC1 Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02223
• Publication Date: 2021-06-07T11:23:27Z
• Authors: Chaochao Luo; Wanwan Peng; Jia Kang; Caiming Chen; Jiajia Peng; Yue Wang; Qian Tang; Hailong Xie; Yazi Li; Xinghua Pan
• Keywords: De novo synthesis

In the dairy industry, glutamine (Gln) is often used as a feed additive to increase milk yield and quality; however, molecular regulation underneath needs further clarification. Here, with bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), effects mechanisms of Gln on cell growth casein synthesis were assessed. When was added or depleted from BMECs, both β-casein (CSN2) expression increased decreased, respectively. Overexpressing inhibiting mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR) revealed that regulated CSN2 through mTORC1 pathway. A similar intervention ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) uncovered activated pathway Arf1. We next observed guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Cytohesin-1/2/3 (CYTH1/2/3, CYTHs) GTPase activating protein (ARFGAP1), interacted Inhibiting CYTHs ARFGAP1 showed supplement depletion inactivated Arf1 ARFGAP1, Collectively, this study demonstrated positively in which works CYTHs/ARFGAP1-Arf1-mTORC1 These results greatly enhanced current understanding regarding mTOR provided new insights for processes by amino acids, particularly Gln.