Yeast β-Glucan Suppresses the Chronic Inflammation and Improves the Microenvironment in Adipose Tissues of ob/ob Mice

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04921
• Publication Date: 2017-12-29T13:25:52Z
• Authors: Yan Cao; Ying Sun; Siwei Zou; Bingchao Duan; Mengying Sun; Xiaojuan Xu
• Keywords: Male; 0301 basic medicine; beta-Glucans; Bacteria; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Macrophages; Mice, Obese; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Interleukin-10; 3. Good health; Intestines; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice; 03 medical and health sciences; Adipose Tissue; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Animals; Humans

Inflammation in visceral adipose tissues (VATs) contributes to the pathology of diabetes. This study focused on the inflammatory regulation in VATs by a yeast β-1,3-glucan (BYG) orally administered to ob/ob mice. BYG decreased pro-inflammatory modulators of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CCL2, and SAA3, and increased anti-inflammatory factors of Azgp1 (2.53 ± 0.02-fold change) at protein and/or mRNA levels (p < 0.05). Remarkably, BYG decreased the degree of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) infiltration to 82.5 ± 8.3%, especially the newly recruited ATMs. Interestingly, BYG increased the protective Th2 cell regulator GATA3 (7.72 ± 0.04-fold change) and decreased immunosuppressors IL-10 and IL-1ra, suggesting that BYG elicited inflammation inhibition via stimulating immune responses. Additionally, BYG increased the gut microbiota proportion of Akkermansia from 0.07% to 4.85% and improved the microenvironment of VATs through decreasing fibrosis and angiogenesis. These findings suggest that BYG has anti-inflammatory effect in diabetic mice, which can be used as a food component and/or therapeutic agent for diabetes.