Real-Time Monitoring of Crystallization Processes Using a Novel Compact Composite Sensor Array

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00330
• Publication Date: 2023-11-07T21:35:11Z
• Authors: Jean P. Feng Báez; Ariadna Soto-Bibi...; Torsten Stelzer
• Keywords: Process Analytical Technology

Compact composite process analytical technology (PAT) probes have been identified as a priority to alleviate space constraints in milliliter-scale crystallizers mitigate their impact on hydrodynamics. Real-time monitoring of the liquid and solid phases crystallization processes is vital ensure critical quality attributes crystallized material, including consistently obtaining form. In this proof-of-principle study, compact sensor array (CCSA, 380 × 30 mm housing [length diameter, 7 probe head diameter] that combines ultraviolet (UV) near-infrared (NIR) features at four different wavelengths (280, 340, 600, 860 nm) well temperature measuring capabilities was evaluated. Flufenamic acid (FFA), polymorphic compound with an enantiotropic relationship between its forms I III, used model API. The results indicate CCSA similarly established Raman spectrometer monitors significant inflection points (timestamps) for three batch cooling processes: (1) spontaneous nucleation, (2) seeded, (3) solvent-mediated phase transformation (SMPT). Ultimately, data presented study prove might be cost-effective analyzer routinely monitor qualitatively while addressing need PATs suitable small-scale set-ups.