Storage Mechanism of Alkali Metal Ions in the Hard Carbon Anode: an Electrochemical Viewpoint

• DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12150
• Publication Date: 2021-08-04T03:31:53Z
• Authors: Yong Huang; Yuqing Wang; Panxing Bai; Yunhua Xu
• Keywords: Heteroatom; Carbon fibers

The storage mechanisms of Li, Na, and K in hard carbon anodes are investigated through systematically exploring their electrochemical behaviors. Two charge/discharge voltage regions observed for all the storage, a slope at high voltage, plateau low-voltage range. Considerably different behaviors revealed by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique impedance spectroscopy measurements, accordingly proposed. sloping region is mainly attributed to adsorption defects/heteroatoms storage. In region, pore filling contributes very little Li but much Na Furthermore, significant effects ionic sizes on behavior carbons performance from K. These findings not only offer fundamental understanding alkali metal ions also help develop design innovative electrode materials low-cost large-scale energy systems.