The influence of school environment and self-regulation on transitions between stages of cigarette smoking: A multilevel analysis.

• DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.20.3.196
• Publication Date: 2005-10-04T19:28:30Z
• Authors: Scott P. Novak; Richard R. Clayton
• Keywords: Context effect

In this research, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to address how school context influences the likelihood of transitioning between stages cigarette smoking as well modifies individual-level risk factor self-regulation. Survey data were collected from 25,186 middle and high students attending 38 public schools in Kentucky. Results show that are less likely increase use with higher levels teacher discipline faculty involvement. The analyses multi-level interactions self-regulation reveal possessing low emotional regulation more initiate experimental poor involvement than similar types these characteristics. This study illustrates psychological factors for substance may vary across social environments.